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BK7  |   Fused Silica  |   Sapphire  |   CaF 2  |   MgF2  |  

Sapphire

Crystal structure:
Chemical composition: Al2O3
Molecular weight: 101.96
Crystal system: Rhombohedral systems(R3c)
 
Lattice constant: a=4.765A/c=13.001A*
A=10 nm
Density (specific gravity): 3.98 g/cm3
Cleavability: (1011), (1120), imperfect

 

Mechanical properties:
Hardness:

[Mohs] 9(*Diamond=10, quartz=7)

[Knoop] 15.0 to 16.3GPa (perpendicular to the c axis)

16.4 to 19.6GPa (parallel to the c axis)

[Vickers] 2300

Young¡¯s modulus: 34 to 37 GPa
Crushing strength: 2000 Mpa
Tensile strength: 2250 Mpa
Compression strength: 2950 Mpa
Bending strength: 450 to 690 Mpa
Destruction coefficient: 490 to 690 Mpa
Bulk modulus of elasticity: 250 GPa
Shearing modulus: 140 Gpa

 

Optical Properties
Transmittance:
Optical Transmission Range, (80%): 350-5500
Refractive index: 1.83 at 0.26 mm
1.76 at 0.63 mm
1.58 at 5.57 mm
Thermal Coefficient of Refractive Index: bo=(0.88...1.28) x 10 -5
bc= (0.99...1.39) x 10 -5

 
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